The West African maritime domain, once plagued by piracy, illegal fishing, and trafficking, witnessed a significant milestone with the launch of Operation SAFE DOMAIN III on August 5, 2024. Spearheaded by the Multinational Maritime Coordination Centre (MMCC) Zone E, this operation marked a renewed commitment to securing the region’s waters, reflecting the strategic collaboration among the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), member nations, and international partners.
*Strengthening the Blue Economy*
The operation, themed “Protecting the Blue Economy of ECOWAS Zone E through Maritime Security Collaboration,” emphasized the critical importance of safeguarding maritime resources. Navy Commodore Aniedi A. Ibok, Director of MMCC Zone E, set the tone during the launch ceremony, highlighting the persistent threats of sea robbery, piracy, and illegal activities that have long hindered economic growth in the region. The initiative is part of a broader strategy rooted in the ECOWAS Integrated Maritime Strategy (EIMS), which aims to establish a comprehensive maritime security framework across West Africa.
Since its inception, Operation SAFE DOMAIN has made significant strides in reducing maritime crime. Reported piracy incidents have plummeted from 49 in 2018 to just two in 2023, a testament to the effectiveness of the coordinated efforts by ECOWAS, regional navies, and international allies. This decline not only enhances security but also fosters economic stability, enabling the region’s blue economy to flourish.
*A Multi-National Effort*
The third iteration of the operation saw the deployment of a robust task force comprising naval vessels, helicopters, UAVs, and special forces teams from Benin, Nigeria, Togo, and Niger. Over the course of five days, these units conducted extensive maritime patrols, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions across 105,746 square nautical miles, covering territorial waters, contiguous zones, and exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the Zone E member states.
The operation’s success hinged on the seamless coordination among the participating forces. Rear Admiral MB Hassan, who represented the Chief of the Naval Staff, Vice Admiral EI Ogalla, at the launch, underscored the significance of such joint efforts in transforming the Gulf of Guinea from one of the world’s most dangerous waters into a safer maritime environment. The transition from international sponsorship to full ownership by Zone E member states further demonstrated the region’s commitment to maritime security.
*Operational Achievements and Challenges*
Throughout the operation, multiple naval units carried out surveillance and boarding inspections, ensuring compliance with maritime regulations. Key exercises, such as anti-piracy interdictions and anti-IUU (Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated) fishing operations, were successfully executed, demonstrating the enhanced capabilities of the participating navies. The integration of advanced surveillance technology, including UAVs and helicopters, played a pivotal role in real-time intelligence gathering, enabling the swift identification and tracking of vessels of interest.
However, the operation was not without its challenges. Initial communication issues and technical disruptions with satellite links posed significant hurdles. Despite these setbacks, the use of alternative communication channels and the resilience of the task force ensured that the operation’s objectives were met.
*Looking Ahead: The Future of Maritime Security*
As Operation SAFE DOMAIN III drew to a close on August 9, 2024, the debrief by Capt. Idongesit Udoessien, Commanding Officer of DB ABUJA and Officer in Tactical Command (OTC), highlighted the operation’s successes and the lessons learned. He emphasized the need for continued investment in advanced surveillance technology and regular joint exercises to maintain and improve the region’s maritime security capabilities.
Looking to the future, Commodore Ibok reassured stakeholders that the assets deployed would continue patrolling their respective waters, maintaining vigilance against maritime threats. The operation’s success serves as a precursor to the next phase, Operation SAFE DOMAIN IV, slated for launch in March 2025, which will build on the achievements and lessons of its predecessor.
The launch and successful execution of Operation SAFE DOMAIN III represent a pivotal moment for West African maritime security. By strengthening regional cooperation and enhancing the capabilities of its naval forces, ECOWAS is paving the way for a more secure and prosperous future for the blue economy of Zone E. As Commodore Ibok aptly stated, “Our collective efforts today are paving the way for a safer, more secure maritime future in Zone E.”